Music therapy and Musicology

Music therapy is a new frontier subject. It is based on the theory and method of psychology, and uses the unique physiological and psychological effects of music. With the participation of music therapists, it aims to eliminate psychological barriers, recover or enhance physical and mental health through a variety of specially designed musical behaviors and musical experiences.

1. Establishment of music therapy major

The major of music therapy in foreign countries is mainly set up in the Conservatory of music of comprehensive universities. In 1980, Professor Liu bangrui, an American music therapy expert, gave a lecture at the Central Conservatory of music and introduced music therapy to China for the first time. In June 1988, at the new professional demonstration meeting held by China Conservatory of music, which was led by the Department of education of the Ministry of culture, the major of music therapy as one of the five new majors was demonstrated. Since then, China has begun to cultivate music therapy professionals. At present, China Conservatory of music, Central Conservatory of music and Sichuan Conservatory of music have undergraduate enrollment plans for music therapy every year. At the same time, China Conservatory of music and Central Conservatory of music enroll master's degree students in music therapy, which belong to musicology.

2. Music therapeutics and music

As early as thousands of years ago, people began to use music to treat some diseases. After entering the history of civilization, ancient Greek philosophers and ancient Chinese sages have discussed music therapy. There are also records about the relationship between "five tones" and "five elements" and their dialectical application to corresponding diseases in the Huangdi Neijing of Han Dynasty.

Netpywnh BN, an expert in music therapy in the former Soviet Union, summed up several theories of psychology. He said: "the supporters of associationism regard various means of music expression (rhythm, sound, timbre, harmony) as individual elements, and think that music works because it forms close association with certain feelings. Advocates of Gestalt psychology point out that the perception of music harmony is not equal to the sum of all kinds of music means used in it, but a new characteristic experience of its own integrity and unity. From the perspective of psychoanalysis, it is believed that music itself contains symbolic reflection of sex, which is the expression of various pathological complex. " Pontwick, the founder of the Swedish School of music psychotherapy, carefully studied the theory of psychological resonance and thought that music reflected some primitive forms of spiritual life through the sound harmony system. According to the existing theoretical research of music therapy, it is very complicated to carry out specific psychotherapy. Therefore, some suggestions are put forward: "peaceful and stable music makes people comfort, while bright and happy music makes people encourage and forge ahead. Most patients can carry out music psychotherapy according to these principles that are not difficult to understand."

Psychological research shows that music can affect personality, and emotional cultivation is very important for personality growth, and music contains all aspects of human emotion, so it can effectively cast personality; music can directly act on subconscious beyond consciousness, so it has special effect in psychotherapy; music activity is a very orderly behavior, which helps to coordinate body and mind and establish harmonious interpersonal relationship. Therefore, it is widely used in behavioral therapy.

Music therapy is inseparable from the perception of music, first of all, the role of hearing in music therapy. In a general sense, music that is beneficial to people can make the mood calm and happy. But there is "active listening" in the special music therapy technology.

In his book the Mozart effect, don Campbell put forward the concept of active listening. He thinks that listening is a kind of positive behavior, while the general "listening" is negative. We usually listen at will, not attentively. Generally speaking, listening refers to receiving auditory information through ears, skin and bones; listening refers to the ability to filter sound, selectively focus, form memory and response. The author believes that developing appropriate listening ability is the secret of "Mozart music effect" (the therapeutic function of Music).